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ap_euro:reformation_dbq [2020/10/09 06:24] – [Document 9] epixap_euro:reformation_dbq [2020/10/09 18:07] (current) – [Document 12] epix
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 > In late 1524, peasants, craftsmen, and poor soldiers formed bands and pillaged throughout a large area of the Holy Roman Empire. During the revolt, some of the rebel bands authored statements of grievances called Articles. Although most bands did not coordinate their activities, several groups met in Memmingen, Swabia, during March 1525 at a gathering known as the Peasant Parliament. After a series of battles, the authorities managed to suppress the revolts. More than **100,000** rebels and others were killed. > In late 1524, peasants, craftsmen, and poor soldiers formed bands and pillaged throughout a large area of the Holy Roman Empire. During the revolt, some of the rebel bands authored statements of grievances called Articles. Although most bands did not coordinate their activities, several groups met in Memmingen, Swabia, during March 1525 at a gathering known as the Peasant Parliament. After a series of battles, the authorities managed to suppress the revolts. More than **100,000** rebels and others were killed.
  
-----+===== Analysis ===== 
 +Documents [[reformation_dbq#document_1|1]], [[reformation_dbq#document_2|2]], and [[reformation_dbq#document_3|3]] all offer differing wording of the peasant's demand of Christian brothership according to "Luther's" teachings (though he actually did not support it! See [[reformation_dbq#document_7|7]]). 
 + 
 +Document [[reformation_dbq#document_4|4]] is the nobility's counter to [[reformation_dbq#document_3|3]], which is funny: 
 +>  This is an obvious ploy to lure the peasants from rebellion and turn them from slaves to wageslaves lol. 
 + 
 +Documents [[reformation_dbq#document_6|6]] and [[reformation_dbq#document_7|7]] are between Thomas  
 +Müntzer and Luther, who were rivals and were on opposite sides of this Peasant's revolt, despite both hating the Catholic church. Document [[reformation_dbq#document_6|6]] in particular is a good example of the peasants pushing for revolt. That both Luther and the nobility criticized. 
 + 
 +Documents [[reformation_dbq#document_5|5]], [[reformation_dbq#document_9|9]], and [[reformation_dbq#document_11|11]] have a pretty accurate summary from their respective viewpoints. Be sure to note bias before citing them, however. 
 + 
 +Documents [[reformation_dbq#document_10|10]] and [[reformation_dbq#document_11|11]] show two sides of the nobility coin. I believe the plea from [[reformation_dbq#document_10|10]] is genuine, so it offers a good insight from the nobility who supported the peasants and the ones who foresaw the targeting of themselves. 
 + 
 +Documents [[reformation_dbq#document_11|11]] and [[reformation_dbq#document_12|12]] are both written/transcribed after the Peasants' War is over.
  
 ===== Documents ===== ===== Documents =====
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   * Centrist view, maybe good for a hook   * Centrist view, maybe good for a hook
 ==== Document 10 ==== ==== Document 10 ====
 +> Many other nobles saved their lives and goods and joined the peasants because no help or consolation had been sent by the territorial prince. As an old man, I begged that the peasants should not force me to swear an oath of allegiance to them, in view of the fact that I had grown up with their parents, gone to school with them, and now in my old age had done them no harm, only good. That was to no avail. I had to swear the oath.
 +Source: Christoffel von Lichtenstein, nobleman, legal plea for leniency to Count Wilhelm von Henneberg, August 24, 1525.
 +
 +=== Notes ===
 +  * Plea seems to be genuine.
 +  * At this point the war was waning and it was a clear peasant loss.
 ==== Document 11 ==== ==== Document 11 ====
 +> At first the nobility looked on, unawares that misfortune was creeping up on us, for it pleased them well that the rebellion attacked the priests and the monks. Now, when the peasants had eaten all that was in the monasteries and drunk up and consumed all that was available, they fell upon the nobility's houses, took all that they found in them, and burnt them down.
 +Source Count Wilhelm von Henneberg, letter to Duke Albert of Prussia, February 2, 1526.
 +
 +=== Notes ===
 +  * Same Count Wilhelm that Christoffel von Lichtenstein plead to.
 +  * Has a pretty accurate interpretation, at least from the nobility side.
 ==== Document 12 ==== ==== Document 12 ====
 +> In the last year, terrible, unprecedented, and unchristian rebellion by subjects occurred through almost all parts of southern Germany. Therefore his Imperial Majesty expressly commanded that earnest examination be made so that such disturbance and rebellion be prevented in the future. The common man rather grievously fought himself in the recent disturbance and acted violently against his authorities. In order that he might perceive that the grace and compassion of his superiors is greater and milder than his senseless deeds and actions, each authority shall have power to restore to their previous honorable estate those subjects who have surrendered unconditionally and been punished.
 +Source: Decree of the Imperial Diet((The formal assembly of imperial councilors and officials advising Emperor Charles V)) of Speyer, August 27, 1526.
  
 +=== Notes ===
 +  * Of course this report would have the view from the nobility, and after all the winners write the history books.
 +  * In the end the peasants won nothing as they were returned to serfdom lol.
 ===== Graphic ===== ===== Graphic =====
 {{:ap_euro:2020-10-09-000635_433x515_scrot.png?400|}} {{:ap_euro:2020-10-09-000635_433x515_scrot.png?400|}}
 +
 +===== Links =====
 +[[https://secure-media.collegeboard.org/apc/ap08_euro_history_q1.pdf|Reference ;-)]]

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