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> In late 1524, peasants, craftsmen, and poor soldiers formed bands and pillaged throughout a large area of the Holy Roman Empire. During the revolt, some of the rebel bands authored statements of grievances called Articles. Although most bands did not coordinate their activities, several groups met in Memmingen, Swabia, during March 1525 at a gathering known as the Peasant Parliament. After a series of battles, the authorities managed to suppress the revolts. More than **100,000** rebels and others were killed. | > In late 1524, peasants, craftsmen, and poor soldiers formed bands and pillaged throughout a large area of the Holy Roman Empire. During the revolt, some of the rebel bands authored statements of grievances called Articles. Although most bands did not coordinate their activities, several groups met in Memmingen, Swabia, during March 1525 at a gathering known as the Peasant Parliament. After a series of battles, the authorities managed to suppress the revolts. More than **100,000** rebels and others were killed. | ||
- | ---- | + | ===== Analysis ===== |
+ | Documents [[reformation_dbq# | ||
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+ | Document [[reformation_dbq# | ||
+ | > This is an obvious ploy to lure the peasants from rebellion and turn them from slaves to wageslaves lol. | ||
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+ | Documents [[reformation_dbq# | ||
+ | Müntzer and Luther, who were rivals and were on opposite sides of this Peasant' | ||
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+ | Documents [[reformation_dbq# | ||
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===== Documents ===== | ===== Documents ===== | ||
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==== Document 4 ==== | ==== Document 4 ==== | ||
> On the article concerning serfdom: we, your lords, purchased this right for a considerable sum of money, and the serfdom of a Christian is no hindrance to the salvation of his soul. However, so that you, the subjects, may see and recognize the council' | > On the article concerning serfdom: we, your lords, purchased this right for a considerable sum of money, and the serfdom of a Christian is no hindrance to the salvation of his soul. However, so that you, the subjects, may see and recognize the council' | ||
- | Source: Reply of the Memmingen Town Council to the Articles of the Peasants of Memmingen, March 15, 1525. | + | Source: Reply of the Memmingen Town Council to the //Articles of the Peasants of Memmingen//, March 15, 1525. |
=== Notes === | === Notes === | ||
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* This is an obvious ploy to lure the peasants from rebellion and turn them from slaves to wageslaves lol. | * This is an obvious ploy to lure the peasants from rebellion and turn them from slaves to wageslaves lol. | ||
==== Document 5 ==== | ==== Document 5 ==== | ||
+ | > The peasants arrived so unexpectedly that the count and his subordinates could not return to the castle and had to remain in town with the citizens. The peasants scaled the castle walls, captured the countess and her children, plundered the castle, and then appeared before the town. The townsfolk were peasant supports. They opened the gates and towers to the peasants and let them in. | ||
+ | Source: Pastor Johann Herolt, report of the events at Weinsburg, April 16, 1525. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * A " | ||
+ | * The idea of this document was that the nobility was powerless against their citizens and serfs rising against them in union. | ||
==== Document 6 ==== | ==== Document 6 ==== | ||
+ | > How long are you going to resist God's will? The whole of Germany, France, and Italy are awake. Four abbeys were laid waste during Easter week. More peasants in the Black Forest have risen, 3,000 strong! Hammer away on the anvils of the princes and lords, cast down their towers to the ground! | ||
+ | Source: Thomas Müntzer, preacher and theologian, open letter to the people of Allstedt, April 27, 1525. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * Thomas Muntzer was a Radical Reformist preacher, he openly opposed both Luther and the Catholic church | ||
+ | * He opposed Luther because of his compromises that allowed for the feudal system in Lutheranism. | ||
+ | * He became a leader of the German Peasants' | ||
+ | * He believed the Peasants' | ||
==== Document 7 ==== | ==== Document 7 ==== | ||
+ | > The peasants forgot their place, violently took matters into their own hands, and are robbing and raging like mad gods. It is clear that the assertions they made in their //Twelve Articles// were nothing but lies presented under the name of the Gospel. This is particularly the work of that devil, Thomas Müntzer, who rules at Mühlhausen. The peasants are not content with belonging to the devil themselves; they force and compel many good people to join their devilish league. Anyone who consorts with them goes to the devil with them and is guilty of all the evil deeds that they commit. | ||
+ | Source: Martin Luther, theologian, //Against the Murdering, Thieving Hordes of Peasants//, Wittenberg, May 1525. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * Reference to Thomas Müntzer who was in staunch opposition of Luther' | ||
+ | * Luther was vividly outspoken against the Peasant revolts. | ||
+ | * He fell under the belief that his teachings were being misinterpreted for selfish aims. | ||
+ | * //Against the Murdering, Thieving Hordes of Peasants// was Luther' | ||
==== Document 8 ==== | ==== Document 8 ==== | ||
+ | > The peasants occupying Würtzburg were heard to say publicly that, since they were supposed to be brothers with one another, they believed the rich should share with the poor, especially those rich persons who had acquired their property from trade or had otherwise won it from the poor. The same was heard from many peasants in the countryside, | ||
+ | Source: Lorenz Fries, chief advisor to the Archbishop of Würtzburg, secret report regarding a peasant assembly, June 1, 1525. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * This document shows a bit of hesitation from seemingly blind supporters and their actions leading to the overthrow of nobility. | ||
+ | * The idea of brothers and sharing is consistent from both sides. | ||
+ | * The rich being required to share with the poor is new information, | ||
==== Document 9 ==== | ==== Document 9 ==== | ||
+ | > May God grant that peace be preserved. It is indeed true that the poor, blind, and ignorant peasants have overstepped the mark with their unseemly behavior. No reasonable person could deny how unreasonably, | ||
+ | Source: Caspar Nützel, Nürnburg town councilor, letter to Duke Albert of Prussia, August 5, 1525. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * Centrist view, maybe good for a hook | ||
==== Document 10 ==== | ==== Document 10 ==== | ||
+ | > Many other nobles saved their lives and goods and joined the peasants because no help or consolation had been sent by the territorial prince. As an old man, I begged that the peasants should not force me to swear an oath of allegiance to them, in view of the fact that I had grown up with their parents, gone to school with them, and now in my old age had done them no harm, only good. That was to no avail. I had to swear the oath. | ||
+ | Source: Christoffel von Lichtenstein, | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * Plea seems to be genuine. | ||
+ | * At this point the war was waning and it was a clear peasant loss. | ||
==== Document 11 ==== | ==== Document 11 ==== | ||
+ | > At first the nobility looked on, unawares that misfortune was creeping up on us, for it pleased them well that the rebellion attacked the priests and the monks. Now, when the peasants had eaten all that was in the monasteries and drunk up and consumed all that was available, they fell upon the nobility' | ||
+ | Source Count Wilhelm von Henneberg, letter to Duke Albert of Prussia, February 2, 1526. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * Same Count Wilhelm that Christoffel von Lichtenstein plead to. | ||
+ | * Has a pretty accurate interpretation, | ||
==== Document 12 ==== | ==== Document 12 ==== | ||
+ | > In the last year, terrible, unprecedented, | ||
+ | Source: Decree of the Imperial Diet((The formal assembly of imperial councilors and officials advising Emperor Charles V)) of Speyer, August 27, 1526. | ||
+ | === Notes === | ||
+ | * Of course this report would have the view from the nobility, and after all the winners write the history books. | ||
+ | * In the end the peasants won nothing as they were returned to serfdom lol. | ||
===== Graphic ===== | ===== Graphic ===== | ||
{{: | {{: | ||
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+ | ===== Links ===== | ||
+ | [[https:// |